Physical exercise - Wikipedia. Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness. Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system and helps prevent . Some care providers call exercise the . Many individuals choose to exercise publicly outdoors where they can congregate in groups, socialize, and appreciate life. Conversely, static exercise (such as weight- lifting) can cause the systolic pressure to rise significantly (during the exercise). Some studies indicate that exercise may increase life expectancy and the overall quality of life. There is a direct correlation between physical inactivity and cardiovascular mortality, and physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease. Low levels of physical exercise increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases mortality. The greatest potential for reduced mortality is in the sedentary who become moderately active. Studies have shown that since heart disease is the leading cause of death in women, regular exercise in aging women leads to healthier cardiovascular profiles. Most beneficial effects of physical activity on cardiovascular disease mortality can be attained through moderate- intensity activity (4. Persons who modify their behavior after myocardial infarction to include regular exercise have improved rates of survival. Persons who remain sedentary have the highest risk for all- cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. It increases HDL cholesterol, insulin sensitivity, and exercise tolerance. StudyBlue is exactly what I was looking for!' Justin, LSU. Health Organisation regarding the development of a Global Strategy on Diet, Physical.
Epidemiological evidence suggests that moderate exercise has a beneficial effect on the human immune system; an effect which is modeled in a J curve. Moderate exercise has been associated with a 2. URTI), but studies of marathon runners found that their prolonged high- intensity exercise was associated with an increased risk of infection occurrence. However, another study did not find the effect. Immune cell functions are impaired following acute sessions of prolonged, high- intensity exercise, and some studies have found that athletes are at a higher risk for infections. Studies have shown that strenuous stress for long durations, such as training for a marathon, can suppress the immune system by decreasing the concentration of lymphocytes. Athletes may have slightly elevated natural killer cell count and cytolytic action, but these are unlikely to be clinically significant. In individuals with heart disease, exercise interventions lower blood levels of fibrinogen and C- reactive protein, an important cardiovascular risk marker. According to the study results . There is clear evidence of exercise treatment efficacy for major depressive disorder. The optimum time to exercise may be 4 to 8 hours before bedtime, though exercise at any time of day is beneficial, with the possible exception of heavy exercise taken shortly before bedtime, which may disturb sleep. There is, in any case, insufficient evidence to draw detailed conclusions about the relationship between exercise and sleep. Sleeping pills are more costly than to make time for a daily routine of staying fit, and may have dangerous side effects in the long run. Exercise can be a healthy, safe and inexpensive way to achieve more and better sleep. Without proper rest, the chance of stroke or other circulation problems increases. Extremely intense, long- term cardiovascular exercise, as can be seen in athletes who train for multiple marathons, has been associated with scarring of the heart and heart rhythm abnormalities. These changes further result in myocardial cell damage in the lining of the heart, leading to scar tissue and thickened walls. During these processes, the protein troponin increases in the bloodstream, indicating cardiac muscle cell death and increased stress on the heart itself. For many activities, especially running and cycling, there are significant injuries that occur with poorly regimented exercise schedules. Injuries from accidents also remain a major concern. Unaccustomed overexertion of muscles leads to rhabdomyolysis (damage to muscle) most often seen in new army recruits. One sign of Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is suppressed immune function, with an increased incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). An increased incidence of URTIs is also associated with high volume/intensity training, as well as with excessive exercise (EE), such as in a marathon. Exercise should be controlled by each body's inherent limitations. While one set of joints and muscles may have the tolerance to withstand multiple marathons, another body may be damaged by 2. This must be determined for each individual. Too much exercise may cause a woman to miss her periods, a symptom known as amenorrhea. That is, contracting muscles release multiple substances known as myokines which promote the growth of new tissue, tissue repair, and multiple anti- inflammatory functions, which in turn reduce the risk of developing various inflammatory diseases. Ventricular hypertrophy, the thickening of the ventricular walls, is generally beneficial and healthy if it occurs in response to exercise. Central nervous system. A 2. 01. 5 Cochrane review, however, did not find evidence supporting a benefit. These pedestrian zones are part of an effort to combat chronic diseases, including obesity. Parents can thus promote physical activity and limit the amount of time children spend in front of screens which may decrease the risk of childhood obesity. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, both children and adults should do 6. People may exercise for personal enjoyment, health and well- being, social interactions, competition or training, etc. These differences could potentially be attributed to geographic location, social tendencies, or otherwise. In Colombia, citizens value and celebrate the outdoor environments of their country. In many instances, they utilize outdoor activities as social gatherings to enjoy nature and their communities. In this country, public gyms have become quite popular. People will congregate at these outdoor gyms not only to utilize the public facilities, but also to organize aerobics and dance sessions, which are open to the public. These gyms are free to the public and are often placed in beautiful, picturesque environments. People will swim in rivers, use boats, and run through forests to stay healthy and enjoy the natural world around them. This is especially possible in Sweden due to its geographical location. In the mornings, dances are held in public parks; these gatherings may include Latin dancing, ballroom dancing, tango, or even the jitterbug. Dancing in public allows people to interact with those with whom they would not normally interact, allowing for both health benefits and social benefits. Physical exercise can improve health and well- being, as well as enhance community ties and appreciation of natural beauty. When exercising, it becomes even more important to have a good diet to ensure that the body has the correct ratio of macronutrients while providing ample micronutrients, in order to aid the body with the recovery process following strenuous exercise. Removing lactate from circulation allows for an easy decline in body temperature, which can also benefit the immune system, as an individual may be vulnerable to minor illnesses if the body temperature drops too abruptly after physical exercise. Marcus Cicero, around 6. BCE, stated: . The first and most significant of these in the UK was the Women's League of Health and Beauty founded in 1. Mary Bagot Stack that had 1. Morris noted that men of similar social class and occupation (bus conductors versus bus drivers) had markedly different rates of heart attacks, depending on the level of exercise they got: bus drivers had a sedentary occupation and a higher incidence of heart disease, while bus conductors were forced to move continually and had a lower incidence of heart disease. Diversity Of Sport: non- destructive evaluation. Paris: UNESCO: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. ISBN 9. 78- 5- 8. New England Journal of Medicine. The New England Journal of Medicine. It can help attain and maintain proper weight and improve body image and self- esteem. National Sleep Foundation. Retrieved 2. 0 April 2. Retrieved 5 December 2. P.; Hedge, A.; Yates, T.; Copeland, R. J.; Loosemore, M.; Hamer, M.; Bradley, G.; Dunstan, D. Expert statement commissioned by Public Health England and the Active Working Community Interest Company. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Retrieved 2. 0 April 2. Department of Health and Human Services. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. The Journals of Gerontology. United States Department of Health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Explaining variation in human athletic performance. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology. The Journal of Pediatrics. Rehabilitation Oncology. JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Breast Cancer Res Treat. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. Retrieved 9 December 2. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol (in Portuguese). Scand J Med Sci Sports. The effects of physical exercise on cognition and behavior in children and adults with ADHD: a systematic literature review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Rev Recent Clin Trials. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 9 April 2. Cutting weight, losing life. News & Observer, February 8: 1. A. 1. Retrieved October 5, 2. Pro. Quest database.^M. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Accident Analysis and Prevention. Atmospheric Environment. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. Retrieved 2. 7 May 2. Figure 2: The m. TOR Signaling Pathway^ ab. Wang, E; N. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands). Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.
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